The College of The Bahamas, COBUS, and a crisis of vision

by Nicolette Bethel on April 23, 2013

UoB Logo

Over the past several weeks, the College of The Bahamas Union of Students has worked tirelessly to resist the college’s proposal to raise fees in response to proposed government cutbacks in subvention.

Their work has included attempts to meet or speak with senior administration, with the college council, with the minister of education, and with the minister of state for finance. Their most recent press release may be found here; I encourage those people who may be quick to dismiss the students for their passion to read it, as it will show you another side of them, and may encourage us to treat them with the respect that is due to adults who are legitimately questioning their rights to participate in our democracy and their place in our society.

To Pay or Not to Pay Tuition

I will be the first person to say that, given the fact that our society has decided that the only education offered freely to its citizens is that which stops at the secondary level, I am not opposed to the principle of raising tuition. Here are my reasons.

A powerpoint presentation recently uploaded to the COB website provides a history of tuition increases over the college’s 39 years of existence. In the beginning, the government was the primary subsidizer of tertiary-level education. Fees were never non-existent, but until 1998, they were a mere $25 per credit hour. The result was the persistent underfunding of the institution, as until 1995 that money was released through the Ministry of Education, presumably through Budget Head 39, which can be viewed here. In 1998, recognizing the move to university and the development of bachelor’s degree courses, the college raised tuition over the course of three years from the $25 per credit hour to the present $100 per credit hour for lower-level (100-200) courses, and $150 per credit hour for upper-level (300-400) courses.

No other increases in tuition have been applied since 2000. Students today still study for the same cost as students in 2000, but the purchasing power of the Bahamian dollar today is worth only 80¢ of the 2000 dollar. The tuition increase originally proposed by the college administration (from $100 to $120 per credit hour) can be seen as merely making up for that lost revenue. But that is not all. Not only does the 2013 Bahamian dollar buy 20% less than the 2000 dollar, what students get for that price is considerably more than what students got in 2000. Tuition for the college has not increased in that time, but what is provided to the students has consistently been expanded over the past 13 years. Improvements include (but aren’t limited to, as they’re off top of my head):

  • The acquisition and renovation of the Michael Eldon Building
  • The creation of Chapter One Bookstore
  • The renovation of the Performing Arts Centre
  • The construction of the Bandshell
  • The construction of the Wellness Centre and gym
  • The construction of the HCM library
  • The installation of WIFI (at least at the Oakes Field campus)
  • The installation of multimedia in the majority of the classrooms
  • The air-conditioning of classrooms
  • The acquisition of the property earmarked for the Wilson Business Centre
  • The construction and building of the Northern Bahamas Campus
  • The introduction of BA programmes in every faculty of the college
  • The introduction of master’s degrees offerings
  • The expansion of course offerings across the board
  • The installation of PowerCampus/Self-Service to improve registration woes
  • The refurbishment of the existing dorms
  • The hiring of PhDs
  • The granting of study leave to faculty to pursue doctorates
  • Faculty reclassification and salary increases
  • The conducting of and the investment in ongoing Bahamian research
  • The establishment of college varsity teams and athletic scholarships
  • The establishment of the Small Island Sustainability programme

Given the fact that these improvements have taken place while the fee structure has remained exactly the same, that recurrent costs across the board have increased along with these improvements, and that students in 2013 are getting considerably more for their credit dollar than the students did in 2000, I can see the rationale behind the increase. All things being equal, I would even support it, even though I am theoretically persuaded by arguments that tertiary level education is worth being fully subsidised by our government. My pragmatic perspective in this country at this point in time recognizes that our culture, so heavily influenced by the USA, tends to devalue those things that we do not pay for; on the contrary, the more we pay for something here in The Bahamas, the more we tend to respect it.

To Pay or Not to Pay Incidental Fees

That said, however, I do not support the principle of raising incidental fees in an attempt to recover costs.

In the first place, student amenities at the college are sub-standard, even with all the improvements; in the same period of time, although the investment in tuition and the quality of education has improved, changes in student life have been mixed. Students have lost their access to much of the Student Union Building, some of which has been repurposed as offices; there is no on-campus cafeteria and students have to purchase their food from the fast food franchises that flourish around the campus; while the dorms have been upgraded, they have not been expanded; there are no student lounges or interior spaces in which people can gather and relax or rejuvenate; communications with the student body is difficult, as student emails are so unreliable that virtually none of the students use them and there is no central congregating place where notices can be shared and discussions held. In all, the approach to student life at COB is still far more in keeping with that of a fancy high school than that of a university.

In the second place, the pervading attitude towards students on campus appears to be that they are a necessary evil—or, to use more gentle language, that they are simply overgrown, misbehaving high-schoolers who should be seen and not heard, and who should be deferential to their elders, accepting of whatever treatment is meted out to them, unquestioning of inefficiencies, and uncritical of mediocrity. Unlike the quality of the education provided at the College (which is, against all odds, high—and some of the best value for money in the hemisphere), the quality of student (and faculty) life is low. To ask students to pay additional fees without addressing these shortcomings is asking a bit much.

Higher Education and the Bahamian Nation

I said above that all things being equal, I would support an increase in tuition fees. For example, if that increase was linked to the College’s full and legal transition to university status, I would have no quarrel with the proposal. But it is not. It is a desperate move on the part of a college administration faced with drastic and untenable cuts to its subvention to find ways to maintain the services currently being offered.

So to me, the real question is whether or not The Bahamas as a whole, and its representative, the government, sees any real value in Bahamian tertiary-level education. As with most other things, the lip-service is certainly paid. In his mid-year budget communication to Parliament this year, the Minister of Education reiterated his ministry’s “commitment” to COB’s university status:

The transition of the College of The Bahamas to University status is a national imperative. This remains an important and fundamental objective of my Ministry and by extension the Government of The Bahamas. We share the collective belief that we cannot have any expectations for a progressive nation if we do not provide the means for higher learning and scholarship reflective of successful, progressive and first world countries.

But these are just words. I should like at least to raise the question of our nation’s investment—or lack thereof—in higher education on the whole. As many have said before me, there is something fundamentally visionless and absurd about the government’s proposed reduction of the COB subvention. While the government itself is faced with the need to reduce its own expenditure by the 25%-over-two-years that it is passing onto its agencies, it is not making those cuts across the board; certain agencies have been deemed to be exempt. That the College of The Bahamas, poised by promise on the verge of the university status that the government has yet to grant it, is not also exempt speaks volumes to the place of the intellect in Bahamian society, and to the real commitment of the government to Bahamian university education.

Consider the following facts.

  • The government’s subvention to the College stands at just under $25,000,000 for 2012-2013 ($24,994,543, to be exact). There are 4884 students enrolled.
    • This is approximately $5100 per student.
    • This is approximately $70 per capita.
  • The government’s budget for the prison is just over $23,000,000 for 2012-2013 ($23,036,978, to be exact). There are 1,550 inmates.
    • This is approximately $14,863 per inmate.
    • This is approximately $64 per capita.
  • The government’s total expenditure on education (including the Department of Education, the Bahamas Technical and Vocational Institute, the Ministry of Education and the College of The Bahamas) is $281,503,462.
  • According to both the World Bank and the IDB, the greatest single obstacle to doing business in The Bahamas is the lack of an educated workforce. Worse yet, businesses in The Bahamas were almost 3 times as likely to make that observation than other nations in the Latin American and Caribbean region. Given the fact that 61.8% of the Bahamian population has a high school education, the problem is at the tertiary level.
  • COB’s budget subvention of $24,994,543 is 8.9% of the government’s overall budget for education. If we add in BTVI’s $5,641,622, this brings the percentage spent on local tertiary level education by the Bahamas government to 11%.
    • Barbados spends 41% of its annual education budget on tertiary level education.
    • Jamaica spends 20% of its annual education budget on tertiary level education.
    • Trinidad and Tobago spends 22% of its annual education budget on tertiary level education.

These facts, together with the relative lack of outrage about the government’s proposal to cut COB’s subvention, suggest that the Bahamian government, together with the society that supports it, does not in fact take the idea of Bahamian higher education seriously at all. What the College of The Bahamas is being asked to do, at the same time as it is being moved to university status, is to cut just under $6.25 million from its current budget over the next 2 years. This is to be done “without any reduction in quality and level of services to the public“. Now consider this.

  • 70%, or some $35 million, of COB’s current budget goes to pay personal emoluments. (Contrary to popular belief, the College employs more than just faculty; this percentage covers all the people who work at the college.)
  • This leaves $8.75 million (assuming salaries remain exactly the same as they are today–i.e. no promotions, no increments, no further investment in PhDs, etc) to provide what is currently costing the college $15 million to provide.

Sleight of hand and double-speak aside, what the government has just demanded the college do is carry water in a sieve. Do I object to the raising of fees for tertiary education? In principle, no. But when this is the only way in which the services currently provided can hope to be maintained, I am left with grave and serious questions about the proposal indeed.

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Joey Gaskins: How Not to Be A University: Lessons from the College of the Bahamas Playbook

by Nicolette Bethel on April 23, 2013

I believe that while the contribution of the university to the economy is an important one, there is a higher purpose. Instead of taking a utilitarian view, I want to reflect on words of Wendell Berry, an American scholar, economic critic, activist and farmer. He says, “The thing being made in a university is humanity…what universities, at least the public-supported ones, are mandated to make or to help to make is human beings in the fullest sense of those words — not just trained workers or knowledgeable citizens but responsible heirs and members of human culture.”

via thebahamasweekly.com – How Not to Be A University: Lessons from the College of the Bahamas Playbook.

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thebahamasweekly.com – COBUS: “Let’s Build a University Where Students are Afforded Quality Education at Low Cost”

by Nicolette Bethel on April 22, 2013

This is worth reading from beginning to end: thebahamasweekly.com – COBUS Press Statement.

The press in general has focussed on one small part of the document, that relating to the House of Assembly; the original title of this document online is “COBUS: ‘Would like an apology from the Speaker of the House and Royal Bahamas Police Force’”, but that is only part of the concerns of this press release. The refusal by the RBPF to admit members of the College of The Bahamas Union of Students to enter the House of Assembly (doubly ironic, given the fact that that day’s proceedings were dedicated to Sir Randol Fawkes, the father of the labour movement in The Bahamas and a supporter of all unions) puts broader issues of democracy into question, and it is those issues that are at stake here, not the relatively trivial call for an apology. The apology is incidental. The question is the value we place on the young adults in our society who have chosen to educate themselves at home,, and the value we place on their place in our so-called democracy.

In regard to that issue, here is what the President-Elect, Alphonso Major, had to say:

We have many questions about what that transpired that day: what laws gives them police such authority to pick and choose who enters into the House of Assembly? How exactly were we a threat? Who exactly was in danger? Or is the crux of the matter simply that any time a group of educated College students assembles to stand up for something within this country, they are immediately perceived as a threat that must be contained. Even if there was intent to disrupt the proceedings which we maintain we did not have, Members of Parliament disrupt each other all the time within the House of Assembly – why aren’t they being denied access to the proceedings?

Is this still a democratic nation that we live in where fundamental rights apply? – Alphonso Major, President-Elect

But that was not all that transpired at the press conference. Indeed, the meat of this release treats the proposed cuts in subvention to the College and the resultant raising of fees. If you are not a student at the College of The Bahamas, I challenge you to read the whole thing before you come to any conclusion.

Some of the highlights, for me:

In the absence of substantiated data, it is our goal to bring these inefficiencies to your attention, and to show all that a solution can be found through our critical assessment and assistance by providing practical, logical solutions, not as idealists: rather as students who recognizes the direction where we as a College should beheading and who wish to insure our futures within the nation as a whole, even before we consider transitioning to University. — Donovan Harding, PR Director-Elect

Let us build a University together one where students are afforded a quality education at low to no cost! We must build on the 21st Century learning skills with the technology and resources that are needed to move the country’s level of education from the bottom of the list to the top with Barbados, Singapore and Finland. — Ernesto Williams, outgoing COBUS President

Once again, go read it. The whole thing. I challenge you.

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It’s NaPoWriMo

by Nicolette Bethel on April 10, 2013

and I have been writing a poem a day.

For the last two days, the poems have been in commemoration of the iron lady, the Baronness Lady Thatcher, who ruled Britain during the time I lived there (and, of course, before that too). Others have given her kudos, and she has to be admired for her ability to transform her party and to transform her country and to do it all as a middle-class woman in the conservative party. These things made her great. But I remember apartheid, and I remember how she almost destroyed the British university system, and how she made Britain unwelcoming for British expatriates and overseas students alike, and I remember poll taxes and VAT and greedy millionaires and a general bleakness about the places I went in the late 1980s and early 1990s, a general unwelcomingness for people who were different, like people of different races or even, Maggie Thatcher and the Queen notwithstanding, like people who were not male. And I remember the fact that when I lived in Britain surveys of the British people revealed that the majority of them were planning to live somewhere else. And I remember the Falklands, as I remember Grenada, and I remember thinking how far the mighty empires had fallen, when greatness was sought by invading/fighting over small islands.

So these are my limericks in commemoration of the Iron Lady.

No, I was not a fan. But one couldn’t help noticing how formidable she was.

I call them Thatchericks.

1.

Dear Maggie detested all whiners,
Hated unions, protestors, and signers.
As they marched in the street
She said “Shoot at their feet–
And aim higher if any are miners!”

2.

An iron-boned woman named Thatcher
Resisted attempts to dispatch her;
She glared as they tried
And ignored those who cried;
The truth was, nobody could match her.

3.

“Like Maggie,” said ex-Prez De Klerk,
“We’re sure global sanctions won’t work.”
—But wait, Nelson’s free,
SA’s gone ANC;
Thatcher’s stand’s a historical quirk.

4.

“Here’s the thing,” opined Nelson Mandela,
“We all know I’m likable fella.
Maggie Thatcher’s just wrong:
We can’t all get along.
And by jove, I’m the fella to tell her.”

=====================

RIP Margaret Thatcher.

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Happy Easter

by Nicolette Bethel on March 31, 2013

Here is a poem.

It is not new, but it is Eastery.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Long Island, Bahamas: An Easter Meditation (two of the 5 parts)

liruins4

4. Easter Sunday: Remembrance

The congregation’s young and old; few in between.
A young man shakes my hand. His palm is hard—
a worker’s palm—and hopeful for a wife.

We honour woman-courage on this day:
an empty tomb before Black Mary’s gaze.

The women who aren’t girls all let themselves wear fat
that cloaks hard muscle, big hearts, brass voices.
Their eyes are soft. Their green-eyed children
inhabit skins the shades of sand, of soil,
of treebark, eggshell, cedar, earth, red loam.

The braveheart women weep, and laugh.
The rain falls with the Gospel.
Christ is gone, the angel sings,
and the silver rain falls down.

linorthside

5. Easter Monday: The North Side

This Atlantic: bluer than sacrament, brighter than pain,
supplier of buoy-pots, candlewax, quilt-scraps, wrecks,
ballastbricks for chimneystoves, old tyres for shoes,
string and winecasks and even, maybe, bones—
the things ships cast off when passing by
or sinking down.

The resurrection side.

A blue hole swallows the unwary, offers up
its perfect mystery. A thousand feet from shore
a shelf dives undersea a thousand fathoms deep.
The North Side ridge looks down. The water’s stripes
bleed turquoise, blue, and indigo.

You stare into the risen sun until you know.

lishore5

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Transforming Spaces 2013

by Nicolette Bethel on March 16, 2013

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I was going to write about it but I fell asleep.

It’s been that kind of day.

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Abaco Islands

16 March 2013

We remember islands by memories and photographs.  After a lifetime of driving by car on the Abaco Islands in the Northern Bahamas, I have begun to erase old memories and photographs of beaches and water, for stories of dusty roads and lonely towns.  Today, I remember the Abaco Islands by their interiors. Abaco Islands. The [...]

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Thomas Quirk writes: The Cockburn Trial and Northern Jim Crow

3 March 2013
[caption id="attachment_2705" align="alignnone" width="300"]Cockburns' $20,000 house in 1937 Cockburns’ $20,000 house in 1937[/caption]

In 1937 an important case involving the validity of racist deed covenants was heard at The New York State Supreme Court in White Plains. The case involved a lawsuit brought against Mrs. Pauline T. Cockburn by Mrs. Marion A. Ridgway of The Edgemont Hills neighborhood in Greenburgh, New York. According to a New York Times article 23 May 1937, Ridgway sued her neighbor Pauline T. Cockburn because she had violated a common deed covenant attached to neighborhood properties that stated “No part of said parcels shall ever be leased, sold, rented, conveyed or given to Negroes or any persons of the Negro race or blood, except that colored servants may be maintained on the premises.”

Pauline Cockburn had purchased the property on April 16th 1933. She and her husband Joshua built a $20,000 home there and moved in on December, 31st 1936. Marion Ridgway explained to the press that she thought she had purchased a home in a “very exclusive neighborhood.” Pauline Cockburn was reported by the Times to be “extremely light skinned“. She later testified in court that her mother was Italian and her father had some Negro blood.

[caption id="attachment_2706" align="alignnone" width="240"]Joshua and Pauline Cockburn, February 1937 Joshua and Pauline Cockburn, February 1937[/caption]

 

The Cockburns had an excellent defense team. Arthur Garfield Hays of The American Civil Liberties Union was lead counsel and his assistant counsel was a young N.A.A.C.P. attorney named Thurgood Marshall. Their goal was to call into question the fact that the United States had no legal definition of what a Negro actually was.

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A little bit from the Bahamian diaspora

3 March 2013

Bahamians in the recent past are not famous for leaving their homeland. We tend to think of ourselves as a nation who has to put up with immigrants, but which does not have to worry much about emigration. This is certainly changing. While we are by no means able to compare ourselves with the diasporic [...]

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Nightmares and Dreams

2 March 2013

I had a dream last night which was really a nightmare. In it, I received a phonecall directing me to go to the cabinet office. Dutifully, I went. It was early in the morning, and I didn’t have to wait as long as I expected. Not long after I arrived, someone came and led me [...]

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